Based upon his own interactions, the Buddha instructed his followers to practice discipline and patience in four unpleasant situations.
First, when others become angry with you, do not react with anger but with discipline and patience. Secondly, if another person strikes you, do not retaliate or return blows. Thirdly, when others criticize you, do not criticize them in retaliation. Fourthly, when others insult you, do not respond by insulting or embarrassing them.
Anticipating that followers might find these instructions challenging and even unrealistic, the Buddha explained there were these four corresponding advantages – followers will improve their patience and discipline, bring harmony to their relationships, create more social goodwill and move more rapidly to awakening.